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Service >> What is Medical Gas Pipeline System / MGPS?

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What is Medical Gas Pipeline System / MGPS?

By: Guangzhou C&H Medical Technolgy Co., Ltd. * Engineering Team
August 28, 2020

Medical Gas Pipeline System / MGPS, in some countries is named as Medical Gas Supplying System or Medical Gas Piping System, is a system used in hospitals (clinic, laboratories, etc. medical organizations), to supply medical gases from medical gas source equipment to medical gas terminal equipment via pipelines constructed in hospital building.

In a board sense, medical gases in hospital include Oxygen / O₂, Vacuum, Medical Air / MA-4, Surgical Air / MA-7, Nitrous Oxide / N₂O, Carbon Dioxide / CO₂, Nitrogen / N₂, AGSS, Helium / He and some other mixed gases for medical purpose.

(For medical using of different medical gases, please read the article
https://www.ch-med.com/html_info/What-are-Medical-Gases-What-Medical-Gases-are-Used-in-a-Hospital-10.html)

A Medical Gas Pipeline System include several parts as:

1, Medical Gas Source Equipment

2, Medical Gas Pipelines

3, Medical Gas Pipeline Controlling Equipment

4, Medical Gas Terminal Equipment

5, Medical Gas Applicant Equipment (in some countries, habitually, Medical Gas Applicant Equipment is not included as part of Medical Gas Pipeline System.)

Medical Gas Source Equipment

Medical Gas Source Equipment is the equipment to produce or to store medical gases, and supply them to gas pipelines.

For different medical gases, the common equipment is as follows:

1, For Oxygen:

Medial Oxygen Cylinders Manifold, automatic or manual change-over models

Liquid Oxygen Tank & Evaporator System

On-Site PSA Oxygen Generator

(For more information of Medical Oxygen Source Equipment, please read the article

https://www.ch-med.com/html_info/What-Oxygen-Source-Equipment-are-used-in-a-Hospital-11.html)

2, For Vacuum:

Water-Ring type Vacuum Pumps Station

Rotary-Vane type Vacuum Pumps Station

Paw type Vacuum Pumps Station

3, For Medical Air & Surgical Air

Piston type Air Compressors Station

Screw Type Air Compressors Station

Scroll Type Air Compressors Station

In some countries, Medical Compressed Air Cylinders Manifold is also in using.

4, Nitrous Oxide

Medical Nitrous Oxide Cylinders Manifold, automatic or manual change-over models.

5, Carbon Dioxide

Medical Carbon Dioxide Cylinders Manifold, automatic or manual change-over models.

6, Nitrogen

Medical Nitrogen Cylinders Manifold, automatic or manual change-over models.

7, Helium

Medical Helium Cylinders Manifold, automatic or manual change-over models.

8, AGSS

Siphon type AGSS Plant (Vacuum type Gas Blowers system, pumping anesthetic gas by vacuum)

Jet-Flow type AGSS (no plant, pumping anesthetic gas by compressed air ventrui).

Medical Gas Pipelines

In most countries, the Medical Gas Pipelines / piping are constructed by copper pipes. Also, in some countries, seamless stainless steel pipes are used, too.

Medical Gas Pipeline Controlling Equipment

Medical Gas Pipeline Controlling Equipment function is to control medical gases continuity and specifications including purity, pressure, flow rate, etc.

For gas continuity:

Central Medical Gas Valve Service Units

Area Medical Gas Valve Service Units

Isolate Medical Gas Valves

For purity controlling:

Usually, only the gas of Medical Air shall be controlled for purity. And the equipment is Medical Air Purity Alarm (to monitor Carbon Oxide / CO concentration of Medical Air).

For pressure controlling:

Central Medical Gas Pressure Regulating Units

Area Medical Gas Pressure Regulating Units

Central Medical Gas Alarm Units

Area Medical Gas Alarm Units

For flow rate controlling:

On-Line Medical Oxygen Flow Meters

Medical Gas Pipeline Terminal Equipment

Medical Gas Terminal Units / Medical Gas Outlets

Ceiling Medical Pendant Units

Bed Head Panels / Bed Head Units

Medical Gas Applicant Equipment

Medical Oxygen Flowmeter with / without Humidifier

Medical Air Flowmeter with / without Humidifier

Medical Vacuum Regulator with / without Suction Liquid Bottle

Medical Ventilators

This picture shows the Medical Gas System in a hospital.

Here, for this picture, we give some detailed illustration:

Medical Gas Source Equipment

1, Liquid Oxygen Tank & Vaporator System

2, Automatic Change-Over Medical Oxygen Manifold

Oxygen is the most important and biggest consumption medical gas in a hospital. Supplying stop would be a big accident. For safety considering, to adopt 2 sets of different types of Medical Oxygen Source equipment is a common design for most hospitals.

And for these 2 sets of Medical Oxygen Source equipment, they shall not be both electrical controlling ones. For example, if hospital adopts one set of Medical PSA Oxygen Generator as main Medical Oxygen Source equipment, then the back-up equipment, such as Medical Oxygen Cylinders Manifold System, shall be manual change-over model, or automatic pneumatic change-over model. The automatic electrical change-over model shall not be used.

3, Medical Compressed Air Station with 3 Air Compressors

Both Medical Air and Surgical Air are produced by Medical Compressed Air Station. The station produces higher pressure compressed air, be regulated to different pressure, then they are differed to Medical Air and Surgical Air.

As common design, in one hospital, there is only one set of Medical Compressed Air Station. However, for the station, there shall be at least 2 pcs of Air Compressors.

The Medical Compressed Air Station in this picture includes 3 pcs of air compressors, 1 pcs of air dryer, and 2 pcs of compressed air tanks. Some other parts, such as air filters, active carbon filters, bacteria filters, etc. are not shown in picture.

4, Medical Vacuum Pumps Station with 3 Vacuum Pumps

Medical Vacuum / Suction is produced by Medical Vacuum Pumps Station.

Same as the Medical Compressed Air Station, the Medical Vacuum Pumps station shall be constructed by at least 2 pcs of vacuum pumps.

The station in picture includes 3 pcs of Rotory-Vane type Vacuum Pumps, 1 set of bacteria filters, 2 pcs of vacuum tanks.

5, Automatic Change-over Medical Nitrous Oxide Cylinders Manifold

All hospitals user Nitrous Oxide / N2O gas in cylinders.

So, in all hospitals, the Medical Nitrous Oxide / N2O Source equipment is Nitrous Oxide Cylinders Manifold.

In this picture, it shows an Automatic Change-Over Medical Nitrous Oxide Cylinders Manifold for 2 cylinder banks, total 4 cylinders.

6, Anesthetic Gas Scavenging System

For Siphon type AGSS, an AGS Plant is neccessary as the system source equipment.

In this picture, it shows a plant with 2 pcs of Vacuum type Blower, 1 pc of controller.

In this picture, the Medical Compressed Air Station, Medical Vacuum Pumps Station, and AGS Plant are installed in same machine room, to avoid polluting Medical Air and Surgical Air, gas exhausting from Vacuum pipe and AGSS pipe is piped to out room by yellow pipes.

Medical Gas Pipes

7, In this picture, all medical gas pipelines are constructed by copper pipes.

Medical Gas Pipeline Controlling Equipment

8, Area Medical Gas Valve Service Unit / AVSU

Medical Gas Valve Service Unit is used to turn on / shut off medical gases supplying.

In hospital Medical Gas Pipeline System, to divide different area reasonably is a very important step of system designing. By these Area Medical Gas Valve Service Units, maintenance staff can repair or maintain system equipment easily.

For Area Medical Gas Valve Service Unit, the most important thing is to choose valves size. As a standard way, valve size shall not smaller than the main pipe size of the area which the valve controlled. So, usually, the Area Medical Gas Valve Service Units shall be customized according system pipe size.

9, Area Medical Gas Alarm Unit

Medical Gas Alarm Unit monitors different medical gases’ pressure. So usually, it is installed in or near the nurse station.

For small system, sometime, users install Area Medical Gas Valve Service Units and Area Medical Gas Alarm Units together, to convinient management.

Medical Gas Pipeline Terminal Equipment

Medical Gas Pipeline Terminal Equipment is usually installed in different function rooms, such as Operating Rooms, ICU, General Wards, etc., to supply medical gases to patients or to medical gas applicant devices.

In this picture, it shows two function rooms, one is Operating Room, another is ICU.

In the Operating Room:

10, Wall Mount Medical Gas Outlets / Operating Room Medical Gas Outlets Unit

11, Ceiling Mount Medical Pendant Unit

As standard, in each Operating Room, there shall be at least 2 groups of separated Medical Gas Outlets.

And now, common configuration is just as this picture shows, one group is Wall Mount Medical Gas Outlets, another group is Ceiling Mount Medical Pendant Unit.

And in the Operating Room, these 2 groups of Medical Gas Outlets are for Medical Gases of Oxygen, Vacuum, Medical Air / Surgical Air, Nitrous Oxide, and AGSS.

In the Intensive Care Units / ICU

12, Wall Mount Bed Head Units / Bed Head Panels

Bed Head Units are used in ICU and General Wards.

Also, in some hospitals, users install Ceiling Mount ICU Pendant Units in the ICU.

The Bed Head Unit is a metal material box (most widely used models are produced by aluminum profile modules), equipped with Medical Gas Outlets and other device (such as Nurse Call Panel, Lamps, Electrical Sockets, etc.). Usually, they are installed on the wall above patient bed head, this is why the name is, to supply medical gases and electricity to user or to other device.

Normally, in the ICU, medical gases of Oxygen, Vacuum, and Medical Air are needed. And in General Wards, Oxygen and Vacuum are needed.